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NR. 4/2004
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Palenie tytoniu a
AMD
Age-related macular degeneration and cigarette smoking
Magdalena Homziuk, Lucyna Łuksza,
Marta Nowakowska-Klimek
Katedra i Klinika Chorób Oczu Akademii Medycznej w Gdańsku
Kierownik: prof. dr hab. med. Barbara Iwaszkiewicz-Bilikiewicz |
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| Summary: |
Age-related macular
degeneration (AMD) is the most common reason of
blindness in adults over 60 years of age. Social meaning
of AMD is very important because of decrease of visual
acuity making patients dependent on the other person.
The aim of this study was to present the relation of age-
related maculopathy to cigarette smoking. We know that
vascular risk factors including cigarette smoking have
been hypothesized to play a role in AMD development.
Analysis included 200 individuals (age 65 years). We
devided patients into two groups: group I – smokers,
group II – non- smokers (never and past-smokers). Data
on the smoking history of the subjects were collected by
personal interview. Questions on smoking included
whether the study subjects have ever smoked or not, and
if smoked, age at starting smoking, average number of
cigarette smoked per day and duration of smoking. Our
examinations included not only a standarized questions
but also pupillary dilation and stereoscopic color
fundus photography and fluorescein angiography. Fundus
photograps and fluorescein angiography were graded for
lesions associated with AMD. Epidemiological studies and
results of recent investigations have shown significant
risk associated with cigarette smoking. Our
investigations shown that current smokers were at higher
risk of AMD incident than both past smokers and these
who never smoked. The results provide also evidence for
a dose-response relationship between smoking and AMD
particularly in individuals with the neovascular form of
the disease. These data provide support for hypothesis
that cigarette smoking increases the risk of age-related
macular degeneration development. |
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| Key words: |
age-related macular
degeneration, risk factors, cigarette smoking. |
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