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NR. 1/2008
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Epidemiologia jaskry
– dane światowe
Worldwide Data on Glaucoma Epidemiology
Jerzy Szaflik, Anna
Zaleska-Żmijewska, Anna M. Ambroziak
Katedra i Klinika Okulistyki II Wydziału Lekarskiego
Warszawskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego
Samodzielny Publiczny Kliniczny Szpital Okulistyczny w Warszawie
Kierownik: prof. dr hab. n. med. Jerzy Szaflik |
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| Summary: |
Despite extensive research
and new treatments glaucoma remains a major cause of
blindness in the developing and developed world. An
optic neuropathy characterized by optic nerve head
cupping, with corresponding nerve fiber loss and visual
field (VF) defects is the definition of primary open
angle glaucoma nowadays generally accepted. There is no
consensus about cutoff points for normal disc
measurements. An elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is
considered to be a risk factor for POAG, as well as the
presence of a first-degree relative with glaucoma.
Population-based studies of glaucoma have found that
prevalence increases with age. However, people older
than 75 years are poorly represented in population-based
studies of glaucoma prevalence. Black race individuals
have more severe glaucoma compared with Caucasian
individuals, with a significantly larger C/D ratio, a
higher IOP, a greater mean deviation on the VF, and more
bilateral disease. The rate of blindness in black race
patients with glaucoma is estimated as 5.3% vs 1.3% in
whites. |
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| Key words: |
population – based study
of glaucoma, prevalence of glaucoma, blindness,
intraocular pressure, visual field defects, C/D ratio. |
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