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NR 1-2/2004
SUPLEMENT
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Częstość
występowania jaskry otwartego kąta i nadciśnienia ocznego jako
ryzyka jaskry w populacji wrocławskiej. Wrocławskie Badanie
Epidemiologiczne
Prevalance of open angle
glaucoma and ocular hypertension as a risk factor for primary
open angle glaucoma in Wroclaw population. Wroclaw
Epidemiological Study
Maria Hanna Niżankowska, Radosław
Kaczmarek
Z Katedry i Kliniki Okulistyki Akademii Medycznej we Wrocławiu
Kierownik: prof. dr hab. n. med. Maria Hanna Niżankowska |
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| Summary: |
Objective: The
purpose of the study is to assess the prevalence of
various types of open angle glaucoma (OAG) and ocular
hypertension (OH) as a risk factor for AOG. The second
aim of the study was to determine the detection level of
glaucoma in the population of Wroclaw inhabitants aged
40-79.
Material and methods: The population based
cross-sectional sample of 4853 Wrocław inhabitants aged
40-79 years underwent two stage examination. First stage
of the study included medical history interview and five
screening tests: tonometry, peripheric anterior chamber
depth assessment by Van Herick technique, ocular nerve
head (ONH) assessment by stereoscopic ophthalmoscopy,
Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) and Nerve Fiber
Analyzer (GDx) investigation. Second stage included
complete ophthalmological examination with gonioscopy,
static perimetry and 24 hours monitoring of intraocular
pressure (IOP), and pachymetry in OH group.
Results: The prevalence of glaucoma in Wroclaw
population aged 40-79 years was 1,6%. Open angle
glaucoma (OAG) that includes primary open angle glaucoma
(POAG), normal pressure glaucoma (NPG) and capsular
glaucoma (PEX-glaucoma) was found in 1,53% of the
population. Glaucoma detection level was low: 71% of all
cases of glaucoma were diagnosed for the first time. The
percentage of OH detected in Wrocław population was
1,9%. Following the criteria of Ocular Hypertension
Treatment Study (OHTS) we found that the pachymetric
value of central corneal thickness (CCT) in OH group was
less than 555 µm (thin cornea) in 12,5%, from 555 µm to
588 µm (normal thickness of central cornea) in 26,14%
and more than 588 µm (thick cornea) in 61,36% of the
subjects.
Conclusions: The Wroclaw Epidemiological Study
revealed OAG as 91% of overall glaucoma cases. The
relatively high percentage of glaucoma cases was
diagnosed for the first time. This number is higher than
reported by other authors of population studies in white
communities. In the OH group the 26,14% of the eyes with
normal CCT has increased risk, and the 12,5% eyes with
thin cornea has highly increased risk of POAG, according
to OHTS results. |
| Słowa kluczowe: |
JPOK, JNC, JPZK, jaskra
torebkowa, nadciśnienie oczne, epidemiologia,
pachymetria, centralna grubość rogówki, ryzyko JPOK. |
| Key words: |
POAG, NPG, PCAG, capsular
glaucoma, OH, prevalence, pachymetry, CCT value, risk
factors for POAG. |
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