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NR 4-5/2004
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Galen z Pergamonu
(130-200 r.) – poglądy w dziedzinie okulistyki (cz. I)
Galen of Pergamum (130-200)
– his views on ophthalmology (part I)
Lech Bieganowski
Z Oddziału Okulistycznego Wojewódzkiego Szpitala Zespolonego im.
Ludwika Rydygiera w Toruniu
Ordynator: dr hab. n. med. Lech Bieganowski |
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| Summary: |
The development of
medicine owes a lot to Galen of Pergamum (Asia Minor)
who lived around 130 – 200 AD. He was of Greek origin
and he wrote his works only in Greek. However, he lived
and worked mostly in Italy. He studied both medicine and
philosophy. When he came to Rome in 162 he was quickly
recognised as a talented physician due to his unusual
medical skills. He even became a physician at the
Emperor’s court. Apart from being an outstanding
physician, he had a great knowledge of medicines and
ways of their production. Being familiar with various
philosophical doctrines, in particular with Hippocrates’
thoughts, as well as the views of Plato, Aristotle and
the Stoics, Galen developed his general theory of body
functioning. It was only after his death that his works
attracted more general attention. Both theoretical
developments and his works on various ailments were
first recognised in the Arabic world. It was only this
fact that resulted in his works being gradually
translated from Arabic into Latin and published in
Europe where they grew important among European
university circles. The article outlines ophthalmologic
aspects included in Galen’s works. The accuracy of
descriptions of eye diseases and elements of
descriptions of particular cases are underlined. It is
concluded that the knowledge of symptoms of certain
diseases followed from clinical observations, as well as
from experiments on animals. |
| Słowa kluczowe: |
Galen, starożytność,
medycyna, historia okulistyki. |
| Key words: |
Galen, antiquity, medicine,
history of ophthalmology. |
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