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NR 1-3/2005
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Causes of visual
disablility in children and young adults
Przyczyny obniżenia ostrości
wzroku u dzieci i młodzieży
Agnieszka Moll1, Beata Orawiec1,
Anna Niwald1, Mirosława Grałek2
1Z Kliniki Okulistyki Dziecięcej Instytutu Pediatrii
Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Łodzi
P. o. kierownik: dr n. med. Anna Niwald
2Z Kliniki Okulistyki Dziecięcej Instytutu-Pomnika
„Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka” w Warszawie
Kierownik: prof. dr hab. n med. Mirosława Grałek |
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| Summary: |
Purpose: Blindness
and visual disability is a great problem all over the
world. Loss of visual acuity in children requires
special attention. The aim of the study was to determine
the causes of uni- and bilateral low vision in children
and young adults. Patients were from our clinic and from
the School for the Blind and Visually Impaired in Lodz.
Material and methods: The study group included
271 patients aged from 3 months to 21 years, visually
disabled and with uniocular reduction of visual acuity
to 25% or less.
Results: The commonest cause of low visual acuity
in the group was optic nerve atrophy (22%) due to
perinatal hypoxia. Other important causes were
retinopathy of prematurity (17%) and congenital
abnormalities of the eye globe (11%). The main causes of
uniocular low vision were anisometropia and strabismus.
Conclusions: The main cause of visual impairment
and disability in the study group from our region was
optic nerve atrophy. Retinopathy of prematurity was also
frequently seen in the handicapped children and was
responsible for severe visual loss. Anisometropia and
strabismus were predominant causes of uniocular visual
deterioration, but not of visual disability. |
| Słowa kluczowe: |
niepełnosprawność
wzrokowa, ROP, zanik nerwu wzrokowego. |
| Key words: |
visual disability, ROP,
optic nerve atrophy. |
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