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NR 4-6/2006
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Neuropatia
niedokrwienna nerwu wzrokowego. Patogeneza, obraz kliniczny,
diagnostyka i leczenie
Ischemic optic neuropathy.
Pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnostics and treatment
Iwona Obuchowska, Zofia Mariak
Z Kliniki Okulistyki Akademii Medycznej w Białymstoku
Kierownik: prof. dr hab. n. med. Zofia Mariak |
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| Summary: |
Ischemic optic neuropathy
is a common cause of visual loss in the older population.
This disease is classified into anterior and posterior
type according to the location the lesions. The anterior
type is due to transient nonperfusion or hypoperfusion
of the ciliary circulation in the optic nerve head. The
etiology of this disease is multifactorial. The most
important risk factors for developing anterior ischemic
optic neuropathy (AION) include hypertension, nocturnal
hypotension, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis and
small cup in the optic disc. AION presents with sudden
painless loss of vision, pale edema of the optic disc,
afferent papillary defect and visual field defects,
typically in lower quadrants.
Posterior ischemic optic neuropathy (PION) is a rare
condition and diagnosis of it usually is made only after
other causes of a retrobulbar optic neuropathy have been
excluded. There are three distinct subtype of PION:
perioperative, arteritic and nonarteritic. They are
characterized by acute visual loss, variable visual
field defects, relative afferent pupillary defect and
normal optic disc. |
| Słowa kluczowe: |
przednia niedokrwienna
neuropatia nerwu wzrokowego, tylna niedokrwienna
neuropatia nerwu wzrokowego, czynniki ryzyka. |
| Key words: |
anterior ischemic optic
neuropathy, posterior ischemic optic neuropathy, risk
factors. |
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